{"id":2583,"date":"2022-10-17T11:55:52","date_gmt":"2022-10-17T17:55:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ideafoodsafetyinnovation.com\/sitio\/?p=2583"},"modified":"2022-10-17T12:34:40","modified_gmt":"2022-10-17T18:34:40","slug":"inocuidad-calidad-fraude-alimentario-y-defensa-alimentaria-que-significan-como-se-diferencian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ideafoodsafetyinnovation.com\/sitio\/fraude-y-defensa-de-los-alimentos\/inocuidad-calidad-fraude-alimentario-y-defensa-alimentaria-que-significan-como-se-diferencian\/","title":{"rendered":"Inocuidad, calidad, fraude alimentario y defensa alimentaria \u00bfQu\u00e9 significan? \u00bfC\u00f3mo se diferencian?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n[et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00bb4.17.6″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color=\u00bb#FFFFFF\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb10px|10px|10px|10px|true|true\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.18.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0″ global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0″]

Cuando se trata de incorporar los aspectos de inocuidad, calidad, y recientemente, fraude alimentario y defensa alimentaria a un sistema de inocuidad, puede haber confusi\u00f3n en cuanto a en qu\u00e9 consiste cada t\u00e9rmino, qu\u00e9 alcance tiene y c\u00f3mo se diferencian.<\/p>\n

A continuaci\u00f3n presentamos las definiciones de cada uno de los t\u00e9rminos:<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttp:\/\/www.ideafoodsafetyinnovation.com\/sitio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/imagen1.png\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.18.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb title_text=\u00bbimagen1″ force_fullwidth=\u00bbon\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0″ sticky_enabled=\u00bb0″][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00bb4.17.6″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color=\u00bb#FFFFFF\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb10px|10px|10px|10px|true|true\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.18.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0″ global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0″]

Para diferenciar m\u00e1s claramente cada uno de los t\u00e9rminos comenzaremos dividi\u00e9ndolos en dos grupos de acuerdo al origen de la contaminaci\u00f3n o adulteraci\u00f3n del alimento, la cual puede ser originada por un acto\u00a0<\/span>intencional<\/b>\u00a0<\/span>o por un acto\u00a0<\/span>no intencional<\/b>. De acuerdo a lo expresado en la definici\u00f3n de los t\u00e9rminos de fraude alimentario y defensa alimentaria, se menciona claramente que se refieren a una adulteraci\u00f3n\u00a0<\/span>intencional<\/b>. Ahora bien en la definici\u00f3n de los t\u00e9rminos de inocuidad y calidad, no se menciona textualmente si la contaminaci\u00f3n o adulteraci\u00f3n del alimento es intencional o no intencional, pero si se ampl\u00eda la definici\u00f3n podemos encontrar m\u00e1s claridad en contexto. Por ejemplo el Departamento de Agricultura de Estados Unidos (USDA por sus siglas en ingl\u00e9s) menciona m\u00e1s ampliamente que inocuidad es la protecci\u00f3n de los alimentos contra contaminaci\u00f3n\u00a0<\/span>no intencional<\/b>\u00a0<\/span>que puede ocurrir en la cadena de alimentos.<\/p>\n

Esta distinci\u00f3n entre los t\u00e9rminos es gr\u00e1ficamente representada en la Figura 1, en donde se dividen los t\u00e9rminos de acuerdo a si la contaminaci\u00f3n o adulteraci\u00f3n es originada por un acto intencional o no intencional, lo que permite diferenciarlos m\u00e1s claramente.<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttp:\/\/www.ideafoodsafetyinnovation.com\/sitio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/imagen2-1.png\u00bb title_text=\u00bbimagen2 (1)\u00bb force_fullwidth=\u00bbon\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.18.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0″ global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0″][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00bb3_5,2_5″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.18.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0″ global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb background_color=\u00bb#87ceeb\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0″][et_pb_column type=\u00bb3_5″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.18.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_enable_color=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.18.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0″ global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0″]

Ahora bien, para diferenciar entre los t\u00e9rminos clasificados como\u00a0no intencionales, que son calidad e inocuidad, encontramos que la inocuidad busca la protecci\u00f3n de los alimentos contra\u00a0peligros que son da\u00f1inos para la salud del consumidor, mientras que la calidad busca proteger los atributos que puedan influenciar el valor del alimento frente al consumidor, es decir que\u00a0afectan principalmente apariencia y algunos atributos sensoriales\u00a0y que no afectan la salud del consumidor.
Los t\u00e9rminos que engloban la adulteraci\u00f3n proveniente de actos\u00a0intencionales, que son fraude alimentario y defensa alimentaria, se diferencian por la\u00a0motivaci\u00f3n\u00a0del acto que ocasion\u00f3 la adulteraci\u00f3n del alimento. En defensa alimentaria se refiere al acto intencional con la\u00a0motivaci\u00f3n de crear da\u00f1o a la salud p\u00fablica o terror, mientras que el fraude alimentario es\u00a0econ\u00f3micamente motivado, pero no tienen la finalidad de provocar da\u00f1o a la salud p\u00fablica, sino solamente de obtener una ganancia econ\u00f3mica, aunque un efecto secundario podr\u00eda ser el da\u00f1o a la salud del consumidor.<\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb2_5″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.18.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttp:\/\/www.ideafoodsafetyinnovation.com\/sitio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/imagen3.png\u00bb title_text=\u00bbimagen3″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.18.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0″ global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0″][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00bb4.17.6″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color=\u00bb#FFFFFF\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb10px|10px|10px|10px|true|true\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.18.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0″ global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0″]

En la siguiente tabla se muestran ejemplos de casos de actos intencionados y no intencionados que contaminaron o adulteraron el alimento, cu\u00e1l fue la causa o motivo, y cu\u00e1l fue su efecto. Estos ejemplos hacen aun mas comprensible la diferencia entre los t\u00e9rminos.<\/span><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttp:\/\/www.ideafoodsafetyinnovation.com\/sitio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/imagen4.png\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.18.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb title_text=\u00bbimagen4″ force_fullwidth=\u00bbon\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0″ sticky_enabled=\u00bb0″][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00bb4.17.6″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color=\u00bb#FFFFFF\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb10px|10px|10px|10px|true|true\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.18.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0″ global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0″]

Es importante\u00a0<\/span>no confundir el efecto, con la causa o motivo<\/b>. Puede ser que un acto intencionado, como el agregar maliciosamente un compuesto da\u00f1ino al alimento, termine siendo un riesgo de inocuidad, ya que hubo un da\u00f1o a la salud del consumidor, pero este acto seguir\u00e1 siendo clasificado y evaluado como parte de defensa de los alimentos, ya que el\u00a0<\/span>motivo<\/b>\u00a0fue causar da\u00f1o.<\/span><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00bb4.18.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color=\u00bb#ccc1da\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb10px|10px|10px|10px|true|true\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0″ global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0″][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.18.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0″ global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0″]

Entender la diferencia entre estos t\u00e9rminos y el alcance que tiene cada uno es importante porque as\u00ed comprenderemos mejor su aplicaci\u00f3n dentro del sistema de inocuidad. Sin duda, todos los t\u00e9rminos aplicados en el sistema de inocuidad siempre tendr\u00e1n la finalidad de buscar la protecci\u00f3n de la salud del consumidor, es por ello que el autor John Spink<\/span>2<\/sup>\u00a0menciona que son los 4 elementos de la protecci\u00f3n de los alimentos.<\/span><\/p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00bb4.17.6″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color=\u00bb#FFFFFF\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb10px|10px|10px|10px|true|true\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.18.0″ _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_orientation=\u00bbjustified\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0″ global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb theme_builder_area=\u00bbpost_content\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0″]

Bibliograf\u00eda<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Global Food SafetyI Initiative. Tackling Food Fraud. May 2018<\/em><\/li>\n
  2. Spink, John; et al. Food Fraud Prevention. Food Authenticity and adulteration, Chimia 2016 p 320-328.<\/em><\/li>\n
  3. Manning Louise and Mei Soon Jan, Food Safety, Food Fraud and Food Defense: a fast evolving literature. Journal of Food Science. Vol. 81, Nr. 4, 2016, p. 823-833<\/em><\/li>\n
  4. USDA Dealing with Intentional and Unintentional Contaminants<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Cuando se trata de incorporar los aspectos de inocuidad, calidad, y recientemente, fraude alimentario y defensa alimentaria a un sistema de inocuidad, puede haber confusi\u00f3n en cuanto a en qu\u00e9 consiste cada t\u00e9rmino, qu\u00e9 alcance tiene y c\u00f3mo se diferencian. A continuaci\u00f3n presentamos las definiciones de cada uno de los t\u00e9rminos:Para diferenciar m\u00e1s claramente cada […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2591,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"1080","footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2583","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fraude-y-defensa-de-los-alimentos"],"yoast_head":"\nInocuidad, calidad, fraude alimentario y defensa alimentaria \u00bfQu\u00e9 significan? \u00bfC\u00f3mo se diferencian? - FSI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ideafoodsafetyinnovation.com\/sitio\/fraude-y-defensa-de-los-alimentos\/inocuidad-calidad-fraude-alimentario-y-defensa-alimentaria-que-significan-como-se-diferencian\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Inocuidad, calidad, fraude alimentario y defensa alimentaria \u00bfQu\u00e9 significan? \u00bfC\u00f3mo se diferencian? - FSI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Cuando se trata de incorporar los aspectos de inocuidad, calidad, y recientemente, fraude alimentario y defensa alimentaria a un sistema de inocuidad, puede haber confusi\u00f3n en cuanto a en qu\u00e9 consiste cada t\u00e9rmino, qu\u00e9 alcance tiene y c\u00f3mo se diferencian. 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